a flight instructor demonstrates their coaching ability by

It normally includes statements of objectives, descriptions of teaching aids, definitions of assessment criteria, and indications of desired outcome, A determination of objectives and standards is necessary before any important instruction can be presented. The main advantages are less time spent on instruction compared to traditional classroom training, and higher levels of mastery and retention, Distance learning, or the use of electronic media to deliver instruction when the instructor and student are separated, is another advantage to e-learning. Conditions and criteria should be refined as necessary. [Figure 4-4], The description of the skill or behavior explains the desired outcome of the instruction. For example, once the instructor decides how the student will accomplish the objective, most of the work that determines the elements of the lesson and the schedule of events has been done. Picturesque slang and free-and-easy colloquialisms, if they suit the subject, can add variety and vividness to a teaching lecture. When a student is able to perform according to well-defined standards, evidence of learning is apparent. There are three stages of action. The willingness to look for ways to match student learning styles to personal instructional style is another element of effective instruction, A subject matter expert (SME) is a person who possesses a high level of expertise, knowledge, or skill in a particular area. Having decided on the objectives, an instructor can use this information to complete many of the steps on the lesson plan. When using CAL, the instructor should remain actively involved with the students by using close supervision, questions, examinations, quizzes, or guided discussions on the subject matter to constantly assess student progress, Simulation (the appearance of real life), role-playing (playing a specific role in the context of a real world situation), and video gaming have taken e-learning in new directions. The instructor should avoid the temptation to use the aids as a crutch. We've gotten all sophisticated over the years and refer to that sort of thing as flight maneuvering tasks. a flight instructor demonstrates their coaching ability by For example, the subsystems within a physical unit are relatively easy to relate to each other through the use of schematics or diagrams. Normally, students should not be asked to discuss a subject without some background in that subject, The techniques used to guide a discussion require practice and experience. Consider the opening scenario in which Bob arrived early for the class and ensured the classroom was well lit, the desks in order, and that the room presented a neat overall appearance. Whatever type of projected training aid used, it is essential for the content to be current and support the lesson, Use of projected materials requires planning and practice. In the opening scenario, students performed a task (weight and balance computation) as a group, and prior to terminating the performance phase, they were allowed to independently complete the task at least once with supervision and coaching as necessary, In this phase, the instructor judges student performance. Because the exact words to express an idea are spontaneous, the lecture is more personalized than one that is read or spoken from memory, Since the instructor talks directly to the students, their reactions can be readily observed, and adjustments can be made based on their responses. The conclusion consists of the summary of the main points. Thus, the instructor provides assistance, reinforcement, and answers for those who need it most, In this situation, the CAL should still be considered as an add-on instructional aid to improve traditional classroom instruction. Consider the continued expansion of technical terminology in everyday usage. In all cases, a systematic plan of action requires the use of an appropriate training syllabus. Criterion validity means that the completion standards for the test are reflective of acceptable standards, For example, in flight training, content validity is reflected by a particular maneuver closely mimicking a maneuver required in actual flight, such as the student pilot being able to recover from a power-off stall. The software may include additional features such as image banks with full color photos and graphics, as well as questions or directions which are programmed to create interactivity for students as they progress through the course, The questions or directions are programmed using a branching technique, which provides several possible courses of action for the user to choose in order to move from one sequence to another. In brief, the introduction is made up of three elements: attention, motivation, and an overview of what is to be covered, The purpose of the attention element is to focus each students attention on the lesson. End users of the aircraft, such as the major airlines, can purchase the training materials with the aircraft in order to accomplish both initial and recurrent training of their personnel. For example, in concluding a discussion on density altitude, an instructor might give a fairly complete description of an accident which occurred due to a pilot attempting to take off in an overloaded airplane from a short runway at a high-altitude airport on a hot day, The summary should be succinct, but not incomplete. The interim summary may be omitted after discussing the last learning outcome when it is more expedient for the instructor to present the first part of the conclusion. When properly used, they help gain and hold the attention of students. Another example is dead reckoning, which forces pilots to be aware of there surroundings at all times. [Figure 4-16], Good instructional aids also can help solve certain language barrier problems. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consecte adipi. Keep in mind that it takes time to recall data, determine how to answer, or to think of an example, The more difficult the question, the more time the students need to answer. Lectures also can usefully and successfully supplement other teaching devices and methods. The data also support that when a condition occurs requiring a maneuver, the SBT participant responded quickly and more accurately than the participant trained only under the maneuver-based approach. With a briefing, the speaker presents a concise array of facts to the listeners who normally do not expect elaboration of supporting material. This type of summary is one of the most effective tools available to the instructor. 740 park avenue documentary netflix . These steps contribute to a positive learning environment, Another management skill that enhances the effectiveness of aviation instructors is supervision of the students. Effective instructors relate well to people. Each student essentially receives a customized learning experience, As mentioned earlier, CAL has become a popular training delivery method. There are several points at which assessments can be made: before training, during training, and after training. This results when the material is presented as an authentic problem in a situated environment that allows the learner to "make meaning" of the information based on his or her past experience and personal interpretation. During a classroom session, the instructor should provide students with an overview of the presentation before showing it. While this is the most widely used form of presentation and instructors should know how to develop and present a lecture, they also should understand the advantages and limitations of this method, Lectures are used for introduction of new subjects, summarizing ideas, showing relationships between theory and practice, and reemphasizing main points. If a desired capability is to navigate from point A to point B, the objective as stated is not specific enough for all students to do it in the same way. With the display of an operating model, the students can observe how each part works in relation to the other parts. In general, if a two-dimensional representation will satisfy the instructors requirement, it should be used, Test preparation material applies to an array of paper, video, and computer software products that are designed by commercial publishers to help student applicants prepare for FAA tests. [Figure 4-7], The purpose of the motivation element is to offer the students specific reasons why the lesson content is important to know, understand, apply, or perform concepts of Thorndikes law of readiness. His flight is a go, yet, 15 miles from College Airport he descends to 1,000 feet to stay below the lowering clouds and encounters rain and lowering visibility to 3 miles. Obviously, an explanation of elaborate equipment may require detailed schematics or mock-ups, but less complex equipment may lend itself to only basic shapes or figures. A game gives the learner a stake in the outcome by putting the learner into the shoes of a character (role playing) who needs to overcome a real world scenario. In the teaching lecture, the instructor must develop a keen perception for subtle responses from the classfacial expressions, manner of taking notes, and apparent interest or disinterest in the lesson. While a computer, screen, and projector may be needed for the classroom, a laptop computer may be all that is needed for the one-on-one presentation. If necessary, a public address system can be used to amplify the speakers voice. a flight instructor demonstrates their coaching ability by. Taking physical or mental flight is a defense mechanism students use when they A. lose interest during the advanced stages of training. a flight instructor demonstrates their coaching ability by. female attractiveness scale with pictures; osdi 2021 accepted papers An instructor should also be patient and give students a chance to react. Organizing a lesson so the students grasp the logical relationships of ideas is not an easy task, but it is necessary if the students are to learn and remember what they have learned. Injuries: one serious, one minor, one uninjured", The flight instructor has the student analyze the information and suggest possible reasons for the accident. The student may then conduct a review of questions missed, Some of the more advanced CAL applications allow students to progress through a series of interactive segments where the presentation varies as a result of their responses. When practical, they should encourage student participation. For example, voicerecognition technology, which lets computers accept spoken rather than keyed input, is highly effective for technical training, Miniature electro-optical devices allow computer-aided information to be projected electronically on sunglass-style eye wear which is connected to a lightweight, belt mounted computer. To achieve desired learning outcomes through the lecture method, an instructor needs considerable skill in speaking, As indicated in chapter 2, a students rate of retention drops off significantly after the first 10-15 minutes of a lecture and improves at the end. This fourth organizational pattern starts with common usage before progressing to the rarer ones. In this case, the responsible instructor needs to establish procedures to make sure the required training is accomplished, since he or she must certify student competency at the end of the course, Models, mock-ups, and cut-aways are additional instructional aids. As is the case with the technician, there are times when a less used tool is the exact tool needed for a particular situation. If, however, a response is desired from a specific individual, a direct question may be asked of that student. By removing the NTSBs determination of probable cause, a flight instructor can use the description as a case study. Often combined with traditional task and maneuver training within a given scenario, decision-based objectives facilitate a higher level of learning and application. The instructor provides the problem to the student, offering only limited assistance as the student solves it, but participating in finding solutions. If the instructor sees puzzled expressions, denoting that the students do not understand the question, it should be rephrased in a slightly different form. If possible, the instructor should have another knowledgeable person, preferably another instructor, observe the practice sessions and act as a critic. 14 CFR 61.183 - LII / Legal Information Institute Again, the objectives must be clear, measurable, and repeatable. More information on enhanced training materials is presented in chapter 6, Traditional aids in this group include slides, filmstrips, and transparencies for overhead projection. It is well suited for the aircraft maintenance instructor who uses it in the shop to teach welding, and the flight instructor who uses it in teaching piloting skills, Every instructor should recognize the importance of student performance in the learning process. Visual aids must be visible to the entire class. Teaching Methods - CFI Notebook When the instructor points to each part of the model while explaining these relationships, the students can better understand the mechanical principles involved. Those maneuvers requiring repetition may still be taught during concentrated settings. Because improper pilot decisions cause a significant percentage of all accidents and the majority of fatal accidents in light single- and twin-engine aircraft, SBT challenges the student or transitioning pilot with a variety of flight scenarios with the goal of reducing accidents. To test each students ability to perform, the instructor requires students to work independently throughout this phase and makes some comment about how each performed the skill relative to the way it was taught. Questions can be categorized by function and by characteristics. Thus, the student pilot exhibits knowledge of all the elements involved in a poweroff stall as listed in the PTS, As discussed in chapter 2, humans develop cognitive skills through active interaction with the world. Leadoff questions should usually begin with how or why. In other words, they must mean the same thing to any knowledgeable reader. The real world problem forces the student to analyze, evaluate, and make decisions about the procedures required, For the flight instructor, a good scenario tells a story that begins with a reason to fly because a pilots decisions differ depending on the motivation to fly. Care must be taken to display only a small amount of material and to make the material as simple but meaningful as possible, Numerous other useful print items may be considered as supplemental training aids. The PTS also has specific criteria or standards upon which to grade performance; however, the criteria may not always be specific enough for a particular lesson. Sequencing can be emphasized and made clearer by the use of contrasting colors, The effectiveness of aids and the ease of their preparation can be increased by initially planning them in rough draft form. This usually involves the term behavioral objective, although it may be referred to as a performance, instructional, or educational objective. For example, major aircraft manufacturers have developed CAL programs to teach aircraft systems and maintenance procedures to their employees, reducing the amount of manpower necessary to train aircrews and maintenance technicians on the new equipment. Numerous studies have attempted to determine how well instructional aids serve this purpose. Instructional aids can help them do this. As noted earlier, a PTS already has many of the elements needed to formulate performance-based objectives. Effective case studies require the student to use critical thinking skills, An excellent source of real-world case studies for flight instructors can be found at the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) where descriptions of more than 140,000 aviation accidents are located. This topic is explored more thoroughly in hapter 9, Professional Development, Management skills generally include the ability to plan, organize, lead, and supervise. Enhanced training materials that include these benchmarks can help aviation instructors complete, endorse, and document required training, For example, the training syllabi represent enhanced training material and contain provisions for instructor endorsements and recordkeeping. There is general agreement about certain factors that seem pertinent to understanding the use of instructional aids, During the communicative process, the sensory register of the memory acts as a filter. The training record can be reviewed and the students training status easily assessed in case the student transfers to another school or instructor, Another example of enhanced, instructor-oriented material for pilot training is a maneuvers guide or handbook which includes the PTS as an integral part of the description of maneuvers and procedures. For the flight instructor, this may entail overseeing the preflight procedures. a flight instructor demonstrates their coaching ability by. It was a cautionary tale of a flight crew failing to compartmentalize their problems and adhere to the sterile cockpit rule. a flight instructor demonstrates their coaching ability by As such, they serve as guides or resource experts and circulate among students who are working individually or in small groups. Information such as equipment, tools, reference material, and limiting parameters should be included. Sequencing also can be enhanced simply by using overlays on transparencies, stripping techniques on charts and chalk or marker boards, and by imaginative use of magnetic boards. In most instructional situations, the instructors explanation and demonstration activities are alternated with student performance efforts. flor de hortensia para maleficios; layer by layer minecraft castle blueprints. The instructor must provide opportunities for students to practice and, at the same time, make sure that this process is directed toward a learning objective, A successful instructor needs to be familiar with as many teaching methods as possible. The human mind rarely retains, evaluates, and applies new concepts or practices after a single exposure. For example, it would be possible for a technicians eyes to easily move back and forth from computer-generated technical data to the actual hardware while diagnosing and correcting a maintenance problem, Trends in training indicate a shift from the typical classroom to more extensive use of a lab-type environment with computer work or study stations. In certain instances, the instructor has no opportunity to assign preliminary work and must face the students for the first time. For example, a flight instructor should not rely exclusively on a software program on traffic patterns and landings to do the ground instruction for a student pilot, then expect the student to demonstrate patterns and landings in the aircraft. PDF Flight Instructor Training Module - Federal Aviation Administration What Is The Path To Becoming A Flight Instructor? - CAU A reverse question is a question asked by a learner and the instructor returns the question to the same learner for response. [Figure 4-9], The lecture may be conducted in either a formal or an informal manner. The airlines, as well as aeronautical programs at some colleges and universities, have used similar facilities for many years, Another type of computer-based technology, virtual reality (VR), creates a sensory experience that allows a participant to believe and barely distinguish a virtual experience from a real one.

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